en 2008-2835 2008-4625 276 5669 11181 gregorian >2011 >April-June 3 2 online 1 fulltext

en 23408269 The astonishing advance of medical science in recent decades has had endless advantages for humans, including improved level of health, prevention of disease and advances in treatment. These advances depend to a great extent on conducting continuous research. However, besides its enormous advantages, the sole interest of medical science undermines the principles of respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity, in both positive and negative approaches. The positive approach refers to the people who participate in research and practice, while the negative approach refers to people who are deprived of research and practice. The authors of this work, based on legal or moral grounds try to analyse the tension between the principle of respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity and the interest of medical science. Undoubtedly, in applying scientific knowledge and medical practice human vulnerability should be taken into account. In this regard, especially vulnerable individuals and groups should be protected and the personal integrity of such individuals respected. In the light of the merits of Islamic law, this paper is designed to examine the significance of the principles of human vulnerability and personal integrity in medical research by studying the international documents as formalised by UNESCO in order to explore the place of these principles in the Iranian legal system. Bioethics, Integrity, Medical Research, Vulnerability 51 60 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60.pdf Mohammad TaghiKaroubiUniversity of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran217Mohammad MehdiAkhondiReproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran13

en 23408179 MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non coding regulatory RNAs that have key functions in multiple cell processes. Deregulation of these tiny miRNAs are involved in various human diseases. MiR-155 is one of the multifunctional miRNA that its over-expression has been found to be associated with different kinds of cancer such as leukemia, breast and colon cancers. It is thought that deregulation and over-expression of this microRNA may be associated with PC12 cell proliferation. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-155 expression on PC12 cell growth. For this reason, PC12 cells were cultured and transfected by 3 different concentration (25, 50 and 75 nmol) of either LNA anti-miR-155 or scramble antisense in 24-well plate. Then, total RNA was extracted from transfected cells. miRNA cDNAs were synthesized from isolated total RNA. In the second step, miR-155 expression level was analyzed using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). MTT test was performed to evaluate cell viability. In the next step, apoptosis assay was assessed to investigate anti miR-155 effect on PC12 cells death. Obtained results were analyzed with t-test. MTT test revealed that cell viability of transfected cells with 75 nM of anti-miR- 155 to be reduced by half of the control and scramble groups (0.5 vs. 0.97 and 0.94). Our data suggest that miR-155 over-expression is associated with PC12 cell growth. So, miR-155 down regulation by anti-miR-155 could open up new ways to restrain brain tumor growth, as anti-miR-155 causes PC12 cells to repress. Apoptosis, miR-155, MTT test, PC12 cells 61 66 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=61 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/61.pdf FatemehKouhkanDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran218ShabanAlizadehDepartment of Hematology, Allied Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran219SaeidKavianiDepartment of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran220MasoudSoleimaniDepartment of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran221Ali AkbarPourfathollahImmunology Department, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran222NaserAmirizadehResearch Center of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO), Tehran, Iran223SaeidAbrounDepartment of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran224MehrdadNoruziniaDepartment of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran225ShahinMohamadiDepartment of Hematology, Allied Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran226

en 23409229 Humans have used animals for nourishments, body parts to help survival, in sports, in fields, in experiments and also have domesticated them as companions for a long time. Although the animal rights groups have been raising the issue of animal cruelty for the past few decades, however, animals are still exploited in the industrial processing. Billions of chickens, turkeys, sheep, cows, pigs, geese, and other animals are maltreated everyday around the world in order to prepare them to feed humans. A vast literature exists on the issue of animal suffering and the cruelties humans exert on them, and its ethical implications have been discussed. However, there are conflicting viewpoints on animal experimentations and particularly genetic manipulations of animals in societies where biotechnology sector has reached a level of potentiality to produce such animals. For example, is it ethical to engineer hundreds of transgenic pigs and keep them in standby positions to provide heart valves and whole heart transplants? Or even engineer a pig to grow a heart using certain genes from the intended heart patients? Is it ethical to use animals entirely as a means to save a human? How is it that the animal can be eaten entirely for food purposes, but may be questioned ethically when the animal is to be helping a human to survive? In recent years, the biotechnology community has found the capacity to make any kind of transgenic animals they wish including: animals which glow green, become diabetic or oncogenic in a given span of time, serve as bioreactors or bodies that can produce drug molecules. The question is where to draw the line with regard to ethics in using biotechnology to manipulate animals in serving the needs of humans? Obviously, the lines are not quite clear and the standards may differ in different countries and cultures. But, what is clear is that as more societies find the capacity to create animals whose bodies are pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, whose organs provide transplants, and whose bodies are genetically altered to provide experimental platforms; the ethical bodies in the government and non-government should scrutinize the motives and actions where biotechnologies are applied. As some argue, the best way to measure our humanity is not only in respecting the individual human beings but also in how we treat animals in our societies. 66 66 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=162 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/162.pdf AliM. ArdekaniReproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran2

en 23407862 Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii) infection is of great medical importance especially for pregnant women and immunosuppressed patients. Numerous studies have shown that the recombinant production of several tToxoplasma antigens, including dense granule antigens (GRAs) has a great potential as diagnostic reagents. Previous studies reported expression of amino terminal GRA8 protein in fusion with large tags. In the present study, we produced truncated GRA8 (TGRA8GRA8), excluded from the signal peptide and C-terminal transmembrane domain, with a short fusion tag in Escherichia coli. (E.coli). TGRA8GRA8 was purified using an optimized single-step Iimmobilized Mmetal ion Aaffinity Cchromatography (IMAC). The purity and yield of TGRA8GRA8 was highest at pH= 9.25. At this pH, 13.6 mg of TGRA8GRA8 was obtained with the purity of 97.97%. Immunogenicity of the protein was evaluated in Western blot analysis showing the serum sample from a rabbit immunized with TGRA8GRA8 recognized a single antigen of T. gondii tachyzoite at the expected molecular weight of native GRA8. To diagnosis acute tToxoplasma infection in pregnant women, an indirect immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed using TGRA8GRA8 resulting in a test specificity and sensitivity of 97.1% and 60.6%, respectively. These results demonstrated that immunogenic TGRA8GRA8 can be produced in fusion with a short tag and purified near to homogeneity using an optimized IMAC. TGRA8GRA8-IgM-ELISA was useful for detection of acute tToxoplasma infection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Gene expression, GRA8 protein, Immunoglobulin M, Toxoplasma gondii 67 78 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=58 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/58.pdf JalalBabaieDepartment of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran204MandanaMiriDepartment of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran205GhazalehSadeghianiDepartment of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran206MehrakZareDepartment of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran207GhaderKhaliliDepartment of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran208MajidGolkarDepartment of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran209

en 23408484 Mycoplasma genitalium (M.genitalium) is a sexually transmitted pathogen. Detection of this microorganism in clinical specimens by culture is rather difficult and time consuming. The aim of this study was to produce polyclonal antibody against a synthetic peptide from P110 protein of M.genitalium in order to develop a diagnostic tool for detection of this microorganism in clinical specimens. A synthetic peptide from P110 protein was conjugated to Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin )KLH( and used for immunization of a white New Zealand rabbit. The produced antibody was purified by affinity chromatography and its specific interaction with immunizing peptide was determined by ELISA. Immunoreactivity of the antibody was also tested by Western blotting in bacterial cell lysate prepared from M.genitalium G-37. To confirm its application as a diagnostic tool, indirect immunofluorescent staining method was performed on M.genitalium-infected PBMC using anti-P110 as the primary antibody. The results showed that produced antibody has excellent reactivity with immunizing peptide and also detected a single band of 110 kDa corresponding to P110 protein. M.genitalium-infected PBMC showed a bright fluorescent signal in IF staining. This antibody might be used as a tool in diagnostic applications. Antibodies, Mycoplasma genitalium, Peptides 79 86 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=63 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/63.pdf OmidZareiMonoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran190Gholam RezaIrajianDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran231Amir-HassanZarnaniImmunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran7LeiliChamani-TabrizReproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran232ShaghayeghEmamiMonoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran234MahmoodJeddi-TehraniMonoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran15HodjattallahRabbaniMonoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran24

en 23408139 Hydroalcoholic extract (70% ethanol extract) of tubers of Momordica tuberosa Cogn. (Cucurbitaceae) was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening by qualitative tests. Nitric oxide scavenging activity was performed by Griess reagent method. And nephroprotective activity was assessed in gentamicin, cisplatin and paracetamol induced renal damage in wistar rats (150-200 g) by standard methods. The protective property of 70% ethanol extract was assessed by measuring the levels of body weight, blood urea, serum creatinine, tissue glutathione and lipid peroxidation in administered doses. The extract exhibited free radical scavenging activity in dose dependant manner. And 100 g/ml dose produced significantly higher scavenging activity than standard sodium metabisulphate at 25 g/ml. Also, it significantly reduced the renal damage caused by cisplatin, gentamicin and paracetamol at a dose of 40 mg/kg. Blood urea nitrogen, Cisplatin, Cucurbitaceae, Kidney failure, Lipid peroxidation, Nitric oxide 87 94 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=62 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/62.pdf PramodKumarDepartment of Pharmacognosy, V.L. College of Pharmacy, Raichur, India227G.Devala RaoKVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, India228-LakshmayyaGRD Institute of Management and Technology, Dehradun, India229RamachandraSettyGovernment College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India230

en 23407989 Musa sapientum (M.sapientum) commonly known as ‘banana’ is widely used in Bangladeshi folk medicine for the treatment of various ailments including diarrhea. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate antidiarrheal, antioxidant and antibacterial potential of the methanolic extract of M.sapientum seed (MMSS). The extract was studied for antidiarrheal property using castor oil and magnesium sulfate induced diarrheal model and charcoal induced gastrointestinal motility test in mice. Total phenolic and flavonoids content, total antioxidant activity, scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, as well as nitric oxide (NO) and assessment of reducing power were used to evaluate antioxidant potential of MMSS. In addition, disc diffusion methods were used for antibacterial assay using various diarrheal induced bacterial strains. At the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, the extract reduced the frequency and severity of diarrhea in test animals throughout the study period. At the same doses, the extracts significantly (p0.001) delayed the intestinal transit of charcoal meal in test animals as compared to the control. In DPPH and NO scavenging method, MMSS showed good antioxidant potentiality in a dose dependent manner with the IC50 value of 12.32±0.33 g/ml and 18.96±1.01 g/ml, respectively with a significant (p0.001) good reducing power. The extract also displayed strong antibacterial effect against when tested against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Altogether, these results suggest that the MMSS could be used as a potential antidiarrheal agent along with its antioxidant and antibacterial potentiality. Antibacterial agents, Diarrhea, Free radicals, Musa sapientum 95 105 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=59 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/59.pdf Md.Sarowar HossainDepartment of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh210Md.Badrul AlamDepartment of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh211Md.AsadujjamanDepartment of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh212RonokZahanDepartment of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh213M.Monirul IslamDepartment of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh214MohammedEhsanul Hoque MazumderFaculty of Medicine, Cumberland Campus, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia215Md. EkramulHaqueDepartment of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh216