en https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60577 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60577.pdf

en 38618507 The Role of Biotechnology in Latest Therapeutic Approaches for Diabetes Mellitus Artificial pancreas, Gastrointestinal microbiome, Glucose, Insulin, Monoclonal antibody, Stem cell transplantation, Tissue engineering , Treatment 66 67 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60568 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60568.pdf SepidehHajivalizadeh Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92112ShahinAkhondzadeh739

en 38618505 Factor VIII as a Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy Prediction in Human Cancer and Other Disorders Coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) is an essential cofactor in the coagulation cascade, encoded by the F8 gene on the long arm of chromosome X (Xq28). FVIII is normally circulated in complex with Von Willebrand factor (VWF) and has relevant emerging extracoagulative functions. Dysregulation of FVIII is associated with tumor progression, and could be used as a novel biomarker for tumor screening and monitoring. In breast cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer, F8 is regarded as an oncogene. In coronary heart disease, hemophilia A and liver disease, F8 dysregulation has been recognized as a potential biomarker for disease diagnosis and prognosis. However, the basis of these differential expression levels remains to be understood. In this review, which is a mixture of literature review and bioinformatics analysis we described the biological functions and characteristics of FVIII, and also its expression level in non-malignant disorders and various cancers. Biomarkers, Cancer, Factor VIII, Prognosis 68 80 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60569 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60569.pdf SheydaKhalilian USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92100ZahraMohajer USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92147SoudehGhafouri-Fard92148

en 38618511 The Protective Effect of Crocin on Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exposed to Aluminum Chloride as an Endocrine Disruptor Background: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have the ability to self-renew and proliferate which gives them healing properties in various tissues. Aluminium chloride (AlCl3) is a chemical compound with harmful effects on health; oxidative stress caused by Aluminium has been reported previously. Crocin, a major component of Crocus sativus (saffron), has antioxidant properties and has shown therapeutic potential. Researchers have been looking for ways to reduce the harmful effects of AlCl3. Methods: To investigate whether crocin can reduce AlCl3 cytotoxicity, rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) were isolated, cultured and divided into four experimental groups. The first group was the control, which was untreated cells. The second and third groups were treated with crocin (50, 100, 250, 500 µM) and AlCl3 (20, 25, 30 mM) for 24 hr. The fourth group was pre-treated with crocin (250, 500 µM) for 24 hr and then treated with AlCl3 (20 mM) overnight. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay. Mineralization was evaluated by alizarin red staining. Sox-2 and E-cadherin expression were measured using real-time PCR. Results: The results showed that AlCl3 caused cytotoxicity on BM-MSCs and decreased the mRNA expression of Sox-2 and E-cadherin, which are important for the maintenance of self-renewal and proliferation of BM-MSCs. In contrast, crocin protected the self-renewal characteristic of BM-MSCs by increasing Sox-2 expression and also preserved the proliferative effects on BM-MSCs by upregulating E-cadherin expression (***p≤0.001). Conclusion: Overall, the study suggests that crocin can protect BM-MSCs from AlCl3-induced cytotoxicity by upregulate Sox-2 expression and E-cadherin expression. This suggests that crocin may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of AlCl3-induced toxicity. Aluminum chloride, Animals, Cadherins, Crocus, Oxidative stress, Rats 81 87 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60570 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60570.pdf ElahehAmini92149ZahraBaharvandDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92150AzadehNiknejadDepartment of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran92151YasamanTabariDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Science and Culture, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran92152SahelShemshadiDepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University, Würzburg, Germany, Germany92153

en 38618504 The Protective Effect of N-acetylcysteine against Deltamethrin-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice Background: Exposure to pesticides is of concern to public health officials worldwide. Deltamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide which is widely used in agriculture and veterinary medicine. Deltamethrin poisoning is always one of the concerns in medical centers due to the deltamethrin induced hepatotoxicity. This study evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against deltamethrin induced hepatotoxicity in mice Methods: A total of 40 BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into four groups; the first group was used as a control (0.5 ml normal saline); Groups 2-4 were treated with NAC [160 mg/kg Body Weight (BW)], deltamethrin (50 mg/kg BW), and NAC plus deltamethrin. At 1 and 24 hr after treatment, the animals were sacrificed and blood and liver samples were obtained for analysis and the liver/body ration, hepatic enzymes as Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Glutathione (GSH) content and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level were measured. For comparison between more than two experimental groups, one-way ANOVA following Tukey test was used by SPSS software. Results: The deltamethrin significantly increased AST, ALT, ALP, and the level of ROS level at the end of 1 and 24 hr after treatment; while the LDH level and GSH content were decreased. Mice in the deltamethrin treated group had a higher liver/body weight ratio than in other treated groups after 24 hr. On the other hand, NAC in combination with deltamethrin significantly reduced the activities of AST, ALT, ALP, and increased GSH levels. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that NAC has a hepatoprotective role against deltamethrin-induced toxicity. Deltamethrin, Hepatoprotection, Liver, N-acetylcysteine, Pesticides 88 94 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60571 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60571.pdf AliAmeriStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran92154AlirezaRahmatiStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran92155ShadiSoroushfar Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran92156MehdiLalehzariTrauma Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran92157TaherehDehghaniInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran92158HamedHaghi-AminjanPharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran92159JebreilShamseddinInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran92160MahmoudOmidiDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran92161

en 38618506 A Simple High Yield Technique for Isolation of Wharton's Jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Background: The isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) from various tissues is possible, with the umbilical cord emerging as a competitive alternative to bone marrow. In order to fulfill the demands of cell therapy, it is essential to generate stem cells on a clinical scale while minimizing time, cost, and contamination. Here is a simple and effective protocol for isolating MSC from Wharton's Jelly (WJ-MSC) using the explant method with various supplements. Methods: Utilizing the explant method, small fragments of Wharton's jelly from the human umbilical cord were cultured in a flask. The multipotency of the isolated cells, were confirmed by their differentiation ability to osteocyte and adipocyte. Additionally, the immunophenotyping of WJ-MSCs showed positive expression of CD73, CD90, and CD105, while remaining negative for hematopoietic markers CD34 and CD45, meeting the criteria for WJ-MSC identification. Following that, to evaluate cells' proliferative capacity, various supplements, including basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), Non-Essential amino acids (NEA), and L-Glutamine (L-Gln) were added to either alpha-Minimal Essential Medium (α-MEM) or Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium-F12 (DMEM-F12), as the basic culture media. Results: WJ-MSCs isolated by the explant method were removed from the tissue after seven days and transferred to the culture medium. These cells differentiated into adipocyte and osteocyte lineages, expressing CD73, CD90, and CD105 positively and CD34 and CD45 negatively. The results revealed that addition of bFGF to α-MEM or DMEM-F12 media significantly increased the proliferation of MSCs when compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences observed when NEA or L-Gln were added. Conclusion: Although bFGF considerably enhances cell proliferation, our study demonstrates that MSCs can grow and expand when properly prepared Wharton's jelly tissues of the human umbilical cord. Fibroblast growth factor 2, Mesenchymal stem cells, Umbilical cord 95 103 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60572 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60572.pdf BahareNiknamDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92162ArezouAzizsoltani Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran92163NedaHeidariDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92164SamanehTokhanbigliBasic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92165HeliaAlavifardBasic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92166MahsaHaji ValiliDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92167DavarAmaniDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92168HamidAsadzadeh AghdaeiBasic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran91868Seyed MahmoudHashemi 92170KavehBaghaei92171

en 38618512 Simple Determination of Bosentan in Plasma Samples by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Background: In order to measure the plasma levels of Losartan and Bosentan, a sensitive Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) technique was developed. Methods: To compare bioavailability, the Area Under the Curve (AUC), peak plasma concentration (Cmax), and time to Cmax (Tmax) were employed. The standard curve (150-2400 ng/ml) was linear (R2=0.999), relative errors were between 2.4 to 10.05% and the coefficient of variation (CV%) ranged from 1.52 to 10.88. A single dosage (test and reference) was used for the in vivo investigation, which involved 16 healthy individuals. Results: The AUC0-48, AUC0-, Cmax, and Tmax of the test and reference had no statistically significant differences. The Cmax and 95% confidence intervals of the ratio of Cmax of the two formulations were 0.93-0.96 and 97.6-135%, respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, it was established that generic Bosentan was equivalent to Bosentan from Actelion and that both medications could be regarded as equally effective in clinical settings. The blood level of Bosentan could be measured using this straightforward procedure in all hospital laboratories. Bioequivalence, Bosentan, High performance liquid chromatography, Losartan 104 110 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60573 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60573.pdf ZahraKhalighi Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran92187HoriGhaneialvarDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran92188ArminSoltaniDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Mustafa Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran92189AliKhorshidiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran92190ElaheKarimi92191ArdeshirMoayeriDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran92192NaserAbbasi Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran92172MasoumehTahmasebiDepartment of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran92193AliAidy92194

en 38618510 Poultry Gastrointestinal-derived Lactic Acid Bacteria (pGIT-d-LAB) Inhibit Multiple Antibiotics Resistance Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens Background: To develop a probiotic formulation for poultry feed, a few poultry gastrointestinal derived lactic acid bacteria (pGIT-d-LAB) were isolated from chicken intestinal specimens and in vitro experiment was performed to evaluate their efficacy as potential probiotic candidate. Methods: A total of 6 strains of LAB: Lactobacillus brevis (L. brevis), Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), Lactobacillus casei (L. casei), Pediococci spp., Lactobacillus fermentum (L. fermentum) and Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) were isolated and cultured for collection of Cell Free Supernatant (CFS). CFS collected was tested against pathogenic bacterial isolated from chicken feces as well as prevalent fungal pathogens, utilizing agar-well diffusion techniques. A preliminary investigation into the susceptibility of the pathogens to diverse antibiotics and antifungal drugs was conducted. Bacterial pathogens exhibiting resistance to a minimum of three classes of antibiotics were subsequently identified for pGIT-d-LAB CFS screening. Results: The observed results revealed that the CFS derived from the isolates exhibited varying degrees of growth inhibition against different pathogens. Among the tested pGIT-d-LAB isolates, L. acidophilus demonstrated the most prominent zone of inhibition, measuring 18 mm against Klebsiella pneumoniae ZTAC 1233. Notably, Citrobacter diversus ZTAC 1255 showed resistance to all tested pGIT-d-LAB. Quantification of the metabolites produced was performed, and peak production levels was determined. L. acidophilus produced the highest amount of lactic acid (1.789g/l), Pediococci spp. produced the highest amount of diacetyl and H202 (1.918g/l) (0.0025g/l) at 48 hr peak values respectively. Conclusion: The test isolates are potential probiotic candidates for controlling pathogens in poultry. Antibacterial agents, Chickens, Lactic acid, Poultry, Probiotics 111 119 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60574 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60574.pdf BolanleAdeniyi92173AbimbolaAdesuyi Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria92174FunmilolaAyeni Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria92175TemitopeOgunbanwo Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria92176TaiwoAgidigbiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria92177

en 38618508 Investigating the Effects of HMGB1 Overexpression on Colorectal Cancer Cell Migration via Oncolytic Herpes simplex Virus Type 1 (oHSV-1) Background: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) represents a significant global health challenge, and its progression, resistance to therapy, and metastasis are strongly influenced by the tumor microenvironment, including factors like hypoxia. This study explores the impact of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) overexpression on CRC cell migration, while identifying potential genes associated with this process. Methods: To explore this, we developed oncolytic virotherapy, resulting in HSV-HMGB1, an oncolytic Herpes simplex virus that expresses HMGB1. HMGB1 is known its role in cancer progression, particularly in the context of cancer cell migration. Results: Contrary to expectations, our scratch assays indicated that HSV-HMGB1 did not significantly induce migration in CRC cells, suggesting that HMGB1 might not directly contribute to this process. Employing microarray analysis, we investigated gene expression changes linked to CRC cell migration, leading to construction of a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network. This network revealed the presence of hub proteins, including as NDRG1, LGALS1, and ANGPTL4, which are recognized for their roles in cancer cell migration. The differential expression of these genes under hypoxic conditions was further validated using quantitative RT-PCR, aligning with the findings from our microarray data.  Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the complex regulation of CRC cell migration, and provides valuable insights into potential molecular mechanisms and pathways. These findings have implications for further research into cancer progression and the development of therapeutic strategies. Colorectal neoplasms, Galectin 1, HMGB1 protein, Oncolytic virotherapy, Simplex virus, Tumor microenvironment 120 129 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60575 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60575.pdf SaraShayanDepartment of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran92178ArashArashkiaDepartment of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran92179GolnazBahramaliDepartment of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood Borne Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran824KayhanAzadmanesh483

en 38618509 CYP21A2 Gene Analysis in Southern Iranian CAH Patients and a Brief Review of the Mutation Spectrum Background: CYP21A2 gene mutations are responsible for more than 95% of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) disorders with autosomal recessive inheritance. Most of these pathogenic mutations originate from the CYP21A1P, a neighboring pseudogene with 98% homology, due to unequal crossing over or gene conversion events. Mutation identification of the gene could be beneficial for accurate diagnosis and outcome prediction. Methods: Twelve unrelated patients with CAH diagnosis were recruited for genetic counseling. To ensure distinct amplification of the CYP21A2 gene rather than its pseudogene, the complete sequence of the gene was amplified through two overlapping fragments by specific primers. The entire sequences were screened by direct Sanger sequencing using new sequencing primers. Results: Only two pathogenic point mutations were identified. The c.293-13C>G, also known as In2G, and the c.955C>T mutations were found in 37.5 and 33.3% of alleles, respectively. One patient showed homozygous gene deletion. We also reviewed recent reports on CYP21A2 gene mutations in Iran. Conclusion: Evaluating the ethnicity-specific gene mutation data is significant for populations with diverse ethnic groups including the Iranian population. Although several common mutations have been reported as causative mutations among CAH patients, identifying only two common point mutations in Fars province would help prioritize exon sequencing and reduce the cost and time of genotyping. Adrenal hyperplasia, Congenital, Genotyping techniques, Mutation 130 135 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60576 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60576.pdf DanialZangeneDepartment of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran92181AliMoravvejNeonatal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran25HomaIlkhanipoorDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran92183Anis AmirhakimiDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran92184ZhilaAfsharDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran92185MonaEntezam1146