en 37538240 <p><span style="font-size:11pt">Background: To evaluate the efficiency of Menstrual blood Stromal/Stem Cells (MenSCs) administration in Myocardial Infarction (MI), the effects of MenSCs and their derived conditioned Medium (CM) on cardiac function in MI rat model was assessed. </span></p> <p><span style="font-size:11pt">Methods: Animals were divided into four groups including sham group, MI group, MenSCs derived CM group (CM group), and MenSCs suspended in CM (MenSCs+ CM) group. The injection of different groups was carried out 30 min after ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery into the infarct border zone. </span></p> <p><span style="font-size:11pt">Results: The results showed a significant reduction in scar size after injection of MenSCs+CM compared to MI group. Ejection fraction and fractional shortening of MenSCs+CM group were higher than CM and MI group at day 28. Administration of MenSCs+CM led to much more survival of cardiomyocytes, and prevention of metaplastic development. Moreover, human mitochondrial transfer from MenSCs to cardiomyocytes was seen in group treated by MenSCs+CM. Indeed, MenSCs+CM treatment evoked nuclear factor-&kappa;B (NF-&kappa;B) down-regulation more than other treatments. </span></p> <p><span style="font-size:11pt">Conclusion: MenSCs+CM treatment could significantly ameliorate cardiac function by different mechanisms including inhibition of cartilaginous metaplasia, inhibition of NF-&kappa;B and mitochondrial transfer.</span></p> Conditioned medium, Menstrual blood stem cells, Metaplasia, Mitochondrial transfer, Myocardial infarction 157 166 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60543 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60543.pdf MahmoodManshoriNanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR,, Tehran, Iran91931SomaiehKazemnejadNanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR,, Tehran, Iran91932NasimNaderiRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences,, Tehran, Iran92041AbolfazlShiraziReproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, , Tehran, Iran82MaedehArabianRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences,, Tehran, Iran92042MarziehEghtedar DoostNanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR,, Tehran, Iran92043MaryamDarziNanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR,, Tehran, Iran92033SamanehMontazeriNanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR,, Tehran, Iran92044Nahid AboutalebDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92045HannanehGolshahi 91933