en 37034892 <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Background:</span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> Stem cells are used to treat numerous diseases; however, their lifespan is rather short. Factors such as probiotics affect and improve various cell lineage efficacies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotics-conditioned media on dental pulp stem cell potentials in osteogenesis.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Methods:</span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> The experiment was initiated by culturing <em>Lactobacillus casei </em>and <em>Lactobacillus acidophilus </em>probiotics as well as DPS-7 cells. Bacterial supernatants were separated and concentrated as the conditioned media. The DPS-7 cells were treated with various concentrations of the conditioned media. Furthermore, MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase activity were used. The mRNA expression of three genes (bFGF, EGF-&beta; and BMP-2) involved in osteogenesis was analyzed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Results:</span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> The response of dental pulp stem cells to probiotics preconditioning promoted cell proliferation, increased alkaline phosphatase activity and upregulated <em>bFGF</em> and <em>BMP-2</em> gene expression. Increased expression was significant for <em>BMP-2</em> and moderate for <em>bFGF</em>; however, it was non-significant for EGF-&beta;. The use of the two probiotics was the most effective.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Conclusion:</span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> In general, synergism of the combined probiotics preconditioning induces differentiation of DPS-7 cells into osteoblasts most effectively.</span></span></p> Dental caries, Osteogenesis, Probiotics, Stem cells 76 83 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=60533 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/60533.pdf FatemehAminiSchool of Dentistry, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran91898Mohammad BagherRezvaniDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran92001RonakBakhtiariDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran92002ElhamTabatabaei Ghomsheh 92003