en 29849989 <p>Background: <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. </em>pneumoniae<em>)</em> is an opportunistic pathogen that could be resistant to many antimicrobial agents. Resistance genes can be carried among gram-negative bacteria by integrons. Enzymatic inactivation is the most important mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides. In this study, the frequencies of two important resistance gene <em>aac(6&#39;)-IIa</em> and <em>ant(2&#39;&#39;)-I</em>, and genes coding integrase I and II, in <em>K. pneumoniae</em>&nbsp;isolates resistant to aminoglycosides were evaluated.<br /> Methods: In this cross-sectional study, an attempt was made to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of 130 <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolates obtained from different samples of patients hospitalized in training hospitals of Yazd evaluated by disk diffusion method. The frequencies of <em>aac(6&#39;)-IIa, ant(2&#39;&#39;)-I, intl1,</em> and intl2 genes were determined by PCR method. Data were analyzed by chi-square method using SPSS software (Ver. 16).<br /> Results: our results showed that resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin, kanamycin, and amikacin were 34.6, 33.8, 43.8, and 14.6%, respectively. The frequencies of <em>aac(6&#39;)-IIa, ant(2&#39;&#39;)-I, intl1</em>, and <em>intl2</em> genes were 44.6, 27.7, 90, and 0%, respectively.<br /> Conclusion: This study showed there are high frequencies of genes coding aminoglycosides resistance in <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolates. Hence, it is very important to monitor and inhibit the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.</p> Aminoglycosides, Drug resistance, Integrons, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Microbial 115 119 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=313 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/313.pdf HesamMokhtariInternational Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran1252GildaEslamiDepartment of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran1253HengamehZandiDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran1254AminDehghan-Banadkouki Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran1255MahmoodVakiliDepartment of Public Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran1256