en 29090068 <p>Background: Diagnosis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) at an early stage is a daunting challenge due to the deficiency of specific noninvasive markers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the initiation and progression of NSCLC. Measuring miRNA expression levels could provide a potential approach for the diagnosis of NSCLC. Our goals were to examine miR-223, miR-212, miR-192, miR-3074, SNORD33 and SNORD37 expression levels in tissue and sputum of NSCLC patients and cancer free subjects for molecular diagnosis of NSCLC.<br /> Methods: Relative expressions of miR-223, miR-212, miR-192, miR-3074, SNORD33 and SNORD37 were examined with quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay in tissue and sputum obtained from 17 NSCLC patients and 17 controls.<br /> Results: miR-3074 was upregulated in tissue samples of NSCLC patients compared with control group. miR-223 was upregulated, miR-212 and SNORD37 were downer-gulated in sputum samples of patients compared with controls. miR-223 quantification produced 82% sensitivity and 95% specificity with areas under the ROC curve at 0.90 in detection of NSCLC.<br /> Conclusion: miR-223 clearly discriminated cancer patients from cancer-free subjects and our results suggest that miR-223 could be a diagnostic useful biomarker. The measurement of altered miRNA expression in sputum samples manifested the potential noninvasive approach for detection of lung cancer.</p> MicroRNAs, Non-small cell lung carcinoma, Sputum 189 195 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=290 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/290.pdf AbouzarBagheriGenetic Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran1165Hamid RezaKhorram KhorshidGenetic Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran42Seyed JavadMowlaDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran248Hassan AliMohebbiTrauma Research Center, Baghiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran1166AzamMohammadianDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran1172MehdiYaseriDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran1167MasoudSolaymani-DodaranIran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran1168MasihSherafatianDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran1169MahmoodTavallaieHuman Genetic Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran1170