en 26605011 <p>Background: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is one of the most common congenital anomalies and the etiology of orofacial clefts is multifactorial. <em>Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA)</em> is expressed at the medial edge epithelium of fusing palatal shelves during craniofacial development. In this study, the association of two important <em>TGFA </em>gene polymorphisms, BamHI (rs11466297) and RsaI (rs3732248), with CL/P was evaluated in an Iranian population.<br /> Methods: The frequencies of BamHI and RsaI variations were determined in 105 unrelated Iranian subjects with nonsyndromic CL/P and 218 control subjects using PCR and RFLP methods, and the results were compared with healthy controls. A p-value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.<br /> Results: The BamHI AC genotype was significantly higher (p=0.016) in the patients (12.4%) than the control group (5.0%). The BamHI C allele was significantly higher (p=0.001; OR=3.4, 95% CI: 1.6-7.4) in the cases (8.0%) compared with the control group (2.5%).<br /> Conclusion: Our study showed that there was an association between the TGFA BamHI variation and nonsyndromic CL/P in Iranian population.</p> Association Study, Cleft lip/palate, Polymorphism, Transforming Growth Factor Alpha 168 172 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=222 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/222.pdf AsgharEbadifarDentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Department of Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Behehsti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran891RoyaHamedi941Hamid RezaKhorram KhorshidGenetic Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran42KioomarsSaliminejadReproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran393KooroshKamaliDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran89FatemehAghakhani MoghadamMedical Laboratory Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran942NazaninEsmaeili AnvarGenetic Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran943NazilaAmeliDepartment of Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran895