en 31908740 <p>Background: LHX1 is an important transcription factor for the <em>HDAC8</em> gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Sodium Butyrate (SB), as a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on the expression of <em>LHX1</em> gene in colorectal cancer cell lines.&nbsp;<br /> Methods: HT-29 and HCT-116 cell lines were treated with 6.25 to 200 <em>mM</em> concentrations of SB at 24, 48, and 72 <em>hr</em>. The cytotoxicity effect on cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. The 50% Inhibiting Concentration (IC₅₀) was determined graphically. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to investigate the LHX1 mRNA expression level.&nbsp;<br /> Results: Our study revealed that SB inhibited the proliferation of these cell lines in a concentration and time-dependent manner. The IC₅₀ values for HT-29 cell line were 65, 18.6, and 9.2 <em>mM</em> after 24, 48, and 72<em> hr</em> of treatment, respectively. The IC₅₀ values for HCT-116 cell line were 35.5, 9.6, and 10 <em>mM </em>after 24, 48, and 72 <em>hr </em>of treatment, respectively. Furthermore, real-time PCR findings demonstrated that the LHX1 mRNA expression in treated HT-29 cell line significantly increased in comparison with untreated cells (p&lt;0.05). However, in treated HCT-116 cell line, SB led to a significant decrease in the level of LHX1 mRNA (p&lt;0.05), as compared to untreated cells.&nbsp;<br /> Conclusion: In this study, different effects of SB on LHX1 mRNA expression level were revealed in two distinct human colorectal cancer cell lines.</p> Cytokine, Interleukin-10, Kawasaki disease, Single nucleotide polymorphisms, Transforming growth factor-beta 317 324 https://www.ajmb.org/En/Article.aspx?id=10389 https://www.ajmb.org/PDF/En/FullText/10389.pdf MahsaGhiaghiDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran21489FloraForouzeshDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University , Tehran, Iran10HamzehRahimiDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran11464