Avicenna J Med Biotech arij002 Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology 2008-2835 2008-4625 Avicenna Research Institute ajmb60516 Bioactive Materials Derived from Menstrual Blood Stem Cells Enhance the Quality of In Vitro Bovine Embryos Amini Mohammad SobhanNaderiMohammad MehdiDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IndiaShiraziAbolfazlReproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR , Tehran, IranAminafsharMehdiBorjian BoroujeniSaraDepartment of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranPournourali MostafaMalekpour Ali 14 4 287 293 24 1 2022 11 7 2022

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-size:9.5pt">Backgrounds:</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of bioactive materials derived from Menstrual Blood Stem Cells (MenSCs) to the oocyte maturation medium may improve the quality of bovine embryos <em>in vitro</em>. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-size:9.5pt">Methods:</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> MenSCs were collected from 6 healthy women (between 26 and 36 years old) and after 3 days of culture, their bioactive materials were frozen. The bovine </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background-color:white">Cumulus-Oocyte-Complexes</span> (COCs) were aspirated from ovarian slaughterhouse and the oocytes with more than three layers of cumulus cells were cultured <em>in vitro</em> in media supplemented with (treatment) and without (control) 10% MenSCs&rsquo; bioactive materials. After IVM/IVF, the presumptive zygotes were cultured for 8 days. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-size:9.5pt">Results:</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> The blastocyst rate on day 8 in treatment group was higher than control (40.2&plusmn;1.9 <em>vs.</em> 23&plusmn;4.2.3, p=0.001). The ratio of </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background-color:white">Trophectoderm</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background-color:white">&nbsp;(TE) and&nbsp;Inner Cell Mass (ICM)</span> (ICM/TE) cells was also greater in treatment group compared to control (30.3&plusmn;2 <em>vs.</em> 14.9&plusmn;1; p=0.001). The re-expansion of vitrified blastocysts, 24 hours after warming, in treatment group was higher than control (93.3&plusmn;2.5 <em>vs.</em> 66.2&plusmn;8.8; p=0.01). The expression of some genes related to pluripotency and implantation (<em>OCT4, CDX2</em>, and <em>IFNT</em>) were increased in treatment group compared to control (p&lt;0/05). </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-size:9.5pt">Conclusion:</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> In conclusion, the addition of MenSCs&rsquo; bioactive materials during <em>in vitro</em> maturation of bovine oocytes could improve the quantity and quality of bovine IVP embryos. Also, the expression of some genes associated with pluripotency and implantation in the blastocyst would be increased.</span></span></p>