<p>Background: Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Environmental and genetic factors are involved in male infertility. The polymorphism studies have a crucial role in disease recognition. Paraoxonase (PON) is an oxidant enzyme which is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between <em>PON1 192 Q/R</em> polymorphism and the susceptibility to idiopathic male infertility.&nbsp;<br /> Methods: Samples were collected from 220 patients diagnosed with male infertility and 230 controls genotyped by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).&nbsp;<br /> Results: A significant difference in genotype distributions of <em>PON1 192 Q/R</em> polymorphism was observed between patients and controls (p=0.001). Our findings revealed that individuals with the variant QR had a significant decreased risk of idiopathic male infertility (OR=0.49, 95%CI=0.33&ndash;0.73, p=0.0004). Moreover, analyses showed that R allele may have a protective effect on susceptibility of idiopathic male infertility (OR=0.31, 95%CI=0.21-0.47, p=0.0001).&nbsp;<br /> Conclusion: The data from this study indicates that the <em>PON1 192 Q/R</em> polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of idiopathic male infertility. However, more studies should be considered with larger number of patients and control subjects to confirm our results.</p>